GCP - Permissions for a Pentest

If you want to pentest a GCP environment you need to ask for enough permissions to check all or most of the services used in GCP. Ideally, you should ask the client to create:

• Create a new project

• Create a Service Account inside that project (get json credentials) or create a new user.

• Give the Service account or the user the roles mentioned later over the ORGANIZATION

• Enable the APIs mentioned later in this post in the created project

Set of permissions to use the tools proposed later:

roles/viewer
roles/resourcemanager.folderViewer
roles/resourcemanager.organizationViewer

APIs to enable (from starbase):

gcloud services enable \
  serviceusage.googleapis.com \
  cloudfunctions.googleapis.com \
  storage.googleapis.com \
  iam.googleapis.com \
  cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com \
  compute.googleapis.com \
  cloudkms.googleapis.com \
  sqladmin.googleapis.com \
  bigquery.googleapis.com \
  container.googleapis.com \
  dns.googleapis.com \
  logging.googleapis.com \
  monitoring.googleapis.com \
  binaryauthorization.googleapis.com \
  pubsub.googleapis.com \
  appengine.googleapis.com \
  run.googleapis.com \
  redis.googleapis.com \
  memcache.googleapis.com \
  apigateway.googleapis.com \
  spanner.googleapis.com \
  privateca.googleapis.com \
  cloudasset.googleapis.com \
  accesscontextmanager.googleapis.com

Individual tools permissions

PurplePanda

From https://github.com/carlospolop/PurplePanda/tree/master/intel/google#permissions-configuration

roles/bigquery.metadataViewer
roles/composer.user
roles/compute.viewer
roles/container.clusterViewer
roles/iam.securityReviewer
roles/resourcemanager.folderViewer
roles/resourcemanager.organizationViewer
roles/secretmanager.viewer

ScoutSuite

From https://github.com/nccgroup/ScoutSuite/wiki/Google-Cloud-Platform#permissions

roles/Viewer
roles/iam.securityReviewer
roles/stackdriver.accounts.viewer

CloudSploit

From https://github.com/aquasecurity/cloudsploit/blob/master/docs/gcp.md#cloud-provider-configuration

includedPermissions:
  - cloudasset.assets.listResource
  - cloudkms.cryptoKeys.list
  - cloudkms.keyRings.list
  - cloudsql.instances.list
  - cloudsql.users.list
  - compute.autoscalers.list
  - compute.backendServices.list
  - compute.disks.list
  - compute.firewalls.list
  - compute.healthChecks.list
  - compute.instanceGroups.list
  - compute.instances.getIamPolicy
  - compute.instances.list
  - compute.networks.list
  - compute.projects.get
  - compute.securityPolicies.list
  - compute.subnetworks.list
  - compute.targetHttpProxies.list
  - container.clusters.list
  - dns.managedZones.list
  - iam.serviceAccountKeys.list
  - iam.serviceAccounts.list
  - logging.logMetrics.list
  - logging.sinks.list
  - monitoring.alertPolicies.list
  - resourcemanager.folders.get
  - resourcemanager.folders.getIamPolicy
  - resourcemanager.folders.list
  - resourcemanager.hierarchyNodes.listTagBindings
  - resourcemanager.organizations.get
  - resourcemanager.organizations.getIamPolicy
  - resourcemanager.projects.get
  - resourcemanager.projects.getIamPolicy
  - resourcemanager.projects.list
  - resourcemanager.resourceTagBindings.list
  - resourcemanager.tagKeys.get
  - resourcemanager.tagKeys.getIamPolicy
  - resourcemanager.tagKeys.list
  - resourcemanager.tagValues.get
  - resourcemanager.tagValues.getIamPolicy
  - resourcemanager.tagValues.list
  - storage.buckets.getIamPolicy
  - storage.buckets.list

Cartography

From https://lyft.github.io/cartography/modules/gcp/config.html

roles/iam.securityReviewer
roles/resourcemanager.organizationViewer
roles/resourcemanager.folderViewer

Starbase

From https://github.com/JupiterOne/graph-google-cloud/blob/main/docs/development.md

roles/iam.securityReviewer
roles/iam.organizationRoleViewer
roles/bigquery.metadataViewer